Si̍t-bu̍t

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?植物
生物學分類
核: Eukaryota
介: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866
關係 (Koan-hē)食品 (si̍t-phín) (chit) (ê)題目 (tê-bo̍k) (chhiáⁿ) (khòaⁿ)食物 (chia̍h-mi̍h).

(Tùi)生物學 (seng-bu̍t-ha̍k)觀點 (koan-tiám) (lâi) (kóng)植物 (si̍t-bu̍t) (植物) () (chí)屬於 (sio̍k-î)Plantae (kài)生物 (seng-bu̍t)

定義 (Tēng-gī)[edit]

所有 (Só͘-iū)活物 (oa̍h-mi̍h) ()傳統上 (thoân-thóng-siōng) (pun) (chò) (nn̄g) (kûn): 植物 (kap)動物 (tōng-bu̍t) (Chit) (khoán)分類 (hun-lūi)可能 (khó-lêng) (chū)Aristotle開始 (khai-sí) ( (Chêng)384–22 ()), (i) ()一般 (it-poaⁿ) ()振動的 (tín-tāng--ê) ()做植物,共會當 (ē-tàng)活動 (oa̍h-tāng)揣食的 (chhōe-chia̍h--ê)號做動物。 (Khah) (òaⁿ)Linnaeus (1707–78年) 創造 (chhòng-chō)現代 (hiān-tāi)科學 (kho-ha̍k)分類法 (hun-lūi-hoat)系統 (hē-thóng)基礎 (ki-chhó͘) (to̍h) (che)兩款 (siat)兩个 (nn̄g-ê) (kài) ( (lat)regnum "王國 (ông-kok)"): Vegetabilia (後來 (āu--lâi) (piàn)Metaphyta (ia̍h)Plantae) 佮Animalia ( ()號Metazoa)。自彼陣 (hit-chūn) (lâng)慢慢 (bān-bān)知影 (chai-iáⁿ) (só͘)講的植物界 (si̍t-bu̍t-kài)是共 (chē) ()關係的分群 (hun-kûn)做伙 (chò-hóe)落尾 (lo̍h-bóe)真菌 (chin-khún) (kiam) (kúi)à款藻類 (chó-lūi)對植物界分出來 (chhut--lâi)總是 (Chóng-sī)有時陣 (ū-sî-chūn)特別 (te̍k-pia̍t)通俗 (thong-sio̍k)場合 (tiûⁿ-ha̍p) (in)娃若 (oa-ná) (tiāⁿ)予人認為 (jīn-ûi)是植物。

"植物" 這 ()普通 (phó͘-thong)來講是 (ū)多細胞 (to-sè-pau) (hâm)cellulose細胞壁 (sè-pau-piah) (thang)佇用 (tī-ēng)葉綠體 (ia̍p-le̍k-thé)展現 (tián-hiān)光合成 (kong-ha̍p-sêng) (chia)性質 (sèng-chit).[1][2]

多樣性 (To-iūⁿ-sèng)[edit]

下底 (Ē-té) (piáu)展示 (tián-sī)Viridiplantae ("青色 (chheⁿ-sek)植物") 一个 (chi̍t-ê)生物分支 (hun-ki) (hun) (mn̂g)當中 (Tang-tiong)總計 (chóng-kè)大約 (tāi-iok)300,000 (chéng) (tng)活咧 (oa̍h--teh)的Viridiplantae生物,怹當中85%–90% 是開花 (khui-hoe)植物

張活 (Tng-oa̍h)綠色 (le̍k-sek)植物 (Viridiplantae) 分門的多樣性
非正式 (Hui-chèng-sek)分類 門的號名 (hō-miâ) 通俗 (miâ) 當活 (Tng-oa̍h)物種 (bu̍t-chéng)數目 (sò͘-bo̍k) 佇非正式分類 (lāi)的數目
綠藻 (Le̍k-chó) Chlorophyta 綠藻 (chlorophytes) 3,800–4,300 [3][4] 8,500

(6,600–10,300)

Charophyta 綠藻 ( (eng)e.g。desmids & stoneworts) 2,800–6,000 [5][6]
Bryophytes Marchantiophyta (應。liverworts) 6,000–8,000 [7] 19,000

(18,100–20,200)

Anthocerotophyta (應。hornworts) 100–200 [8]
Bryophyta (應。mosses) 12,000 [9]
Pteridophytes Lycopodiophyta (應。club mosses) 1,200 [10] 12,000

(12,200)

Pteridophyta (應。fernswhisk ferns & horsetails) 11,000 [10]
種子 (Chéng-chí)植物 Cycadophyta (應。cycads) 160 [11] 260,000

(259,511)

Ginkgophyta 銀杏 (gîn-hēng) 1 [12]
Pinophyta (應。conifers) 630 [10]
Gnetophyta (應。gnetophytes) 70 [10]
Magnoliophyta 開花植物 258,650 [13]

相關 (Siong-koan)文章 (bûn-chiuⁿ)[edit]

相片 (Siòng-phìⁿ)[edit]

參照 (Chham-chiàu)[edit]

  1. "plant[2] – Definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary". 2009-03-25 khòaⁿ--ê. 
  2. "plant (life form) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia". 2009-03-25 khòaⁿ--ê. 
  3. Van den Huek, C., D. G. Maⁿ, & H. M. Jahns, 1995. Algae: An Introduction to Phycology. pages 343, 350, 392, 413, 425, 439, & 448 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). ISBN 0-521-30419-9
  4. Guiry, M.D。 & Guiry, G.M。 (2011), AlgaeBase : Chlorophyta, World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway, 2011-07-26 khòaⁿ--ê 
  5. Guiry, M.D。 & Guiry, G.M。 (2011), AlgaeBase : Charophyta, World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway, 2011-07-26 khòaⁿ--ê 
  6. Van den Huek, C., D. G. Maⁿ, & H. M. Jahns, 1995. Algae: An Introduction to Phycology. pages 457, 463, & 476. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). ISBN 0-521-30419-9
  7. Crandall-Stotler, Barbara. & Stotler, Raymond E., 2000. "Morphology and classification of the Marchantiophyta". page 21A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), Bryophyte Biology. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). ISBN 0-521-66097-1
  8. Schuster, Rudolf M., The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America, volume VI, pages 712–713. (Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1992). ISBN 0-914868-21-7.
  9. Goffinet, Bernard; William R。 Buck (2004). "Systematics of the Bryophyta (Mosses): From molecules都a revised classification". Monographs in Systematic Botany. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. 98: 205–239. 
  10. 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Raven, Peter H。; Evert, Ray F。; Eichhorn, Susan E。 (2005). Biology of Plants (7th pán.). New York: W。 H。 Freeman and Company. ISBN 0-7167-1007-2. 
  11. Gifford, Ernest M.; Foster, Adriance S. (1988). Morphology and Evolution of Vascular Plants (3rd pán.). New York: W. H. Freeman and Company. p. 358. ISBN 0-7167-1946-0. 
  12. Taylor, Thomas N.; Taylor, Edith L. (1993). The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. p. 636. ISBN 0-13-651589-4. 
  13. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:Summary Statistics