Hòa-ha̍k jia̍t-le̍k-ha̍k

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化學 (Hòa-ha̍k)熱力學 (jia̍t-le̍k-ha̍k) (化學熱力學) () ()熱力學定律 (tēng-lu̍t)範疇 (hoān-tiû) (chi) ()研究 (gián-kiù)化學反應 (hoán-èng) (kap)系統 (hē-thóng)狀態 (chōng-thài)之間 (chi-kan) (jia̍t) (kong) (ê)交互 (kau-hō͘)關係 (koan-hē)。化學熱力學毋但 (m̄-nā)包含 (pau-hâm)實驗 (si̍t-giām)測定 (chhek-tēng)無仝 (bô-kāng)的熱力學性質 (sèng-chit) (koh) (ū)應用 (èng-iōng)數學 (sò͘-ha̍k)分析 (hun-sek) (lâi)探討 (thàm-thó)化學問題 (būn-tê)自發 (chū-hoat)過程 (kòe-têng)