Thang-chài-seng lêng-goân

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通再生 (Thang-chài-seng)能源 (lêng-goân) (英語: renewable energy) () (ùi)通再生資源 (chu-goân) (會當 (ē-tàng)補充 (pó͘-chhiong)親像 (chhin-chhiūⁿ)日光 (ji̍t-kng) (hong) (hō͘)海潮 (hái-tiâu)水湧 (chúi-éng) (kap)地熱 (tē-jia̍t)) 收集 (siu-chi̍p) (lâi) (ê)能源.[1] 通再生能源定定 (tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ)提供 (thê-kiong)能源雨 ()重要 (tiōng-iàu)領域 (léng-he̍k): 發電 (hoat-tiān)空氣 (khong-khì) (chúi)加熱 (ka-jia̍t)/際領 (chè-léng)交通 (kau-thong),佮獨立 (to̍k-li̍p)電原 (tiān-goân)系統 (hē-thóng) (téng)能源服務 (ho̍k-bū).[2]

根據 (Kin-kì)REN21 2017 ()報告 (pò-kò),通再生能源 ()2015佮2016年的時陣 (sî-chūn)分別 (hun-pia̍t) (chiàm)人類 (jîn-lūi)世界 (sè-kài)能源 (siau)hàu (liōng)生產 (seng-sán)能源的19.3% 佮24.5%。能源消孝 (siau-hàu) (pun) (chò)傳統 (thoân-thóng)生質能 (seng-chit-lêng)8.9%,熱能 (jia̍t-lêng) (現代 (hiān-tāi)生質能,地熱,佮太陽能 (thài-iông-lêng)) 占4.2%,水力電 (chúi-le̍k-tiān)占3.9%,其他 (kî-thaⁿ)來自 (lâi-chū)風能 (hong-lêng),太陽能,地熱,佮其他形式 (hêng-sek)生質能的電能 (tiān-lêng)占2.2%。 2015年,全球 (choân-kiû) (tùi)通再生技術 (ki-su̍t)投資 (tâu-chu)超過 (chhiau-kòe)2,860 (ek)美金 (Bí-kim).[3] 2017年,全球通再生能源投資總額 (chóng-gia̍h)是2,798億美金,其中 (kî-tiong)中國 (Tiong-kok)占1,266億美金, (chiàm)全球投資的45%,美國 (Bí-kok)占405億美金,歐洲 (Au-chiu)占409億美金.[4] 全球 (hām)通再生能源產業 (sán-gia̍p)相關 (siong-koan)工作 (kang-chok)ko͘ () (ū)770 (bān)的,其中太陽光 (thài-iông-kng)發電 (siāng) (tōa)的通再生能源頭家 (thâu-ke).[5] 通再生能源系統當咧 (tng-teh)快速 (khoài-sok) (piàn)閣較 (koh-khah)高效 (ko-hāu) ()閣較 (sio̍k) (in) (chóng)能源消hàu (tiong) (só͘)占的份額 (hūn-gia̍h)嘛當咧增加 (cheng-ka).[6] 截至 (Chia̍t-chì)2019年,全球身爭 (sin-cheng)裝機 (chong-ki)容量 (iông-liōng)的3分之 (hun-chi)2以上 (í-siōng) (lóng)窗再生的 (thang-chài-seng--ê).[7] 因為 (In-ūi)增加 (liáu)通再生能源佮天然氣 (thian-jiân-khì)使用 (sú-iōng)煤炭 (mûi-thòaⁿ)石油 (chio̍h-iû)消費 (siau-hùi)增長 (cheng-tióng)可能 (khó-lêng) (ē)佇2020年結束 (kiat-sok).[8][9]

國家 (kok-ka)層級 (chân-kip)全世界 (choân-sè-kài)至少 (chì-chió)有30 (ê)國家已經 (í-keng)有通再生能源,佔能源供應 (kiong-èng)的20% 以上.[10] 預計 (Ī-kè)國家通再生能源市場 (chhī-tiûⁿ)未來 (bī-lâi) (cha̍p) (tang) (chì)以後 (í-āu)繼續 (kè-sio̍k)強徑 (kiông-kèng)增長。一寡 (Chi̍t-kóa)所在 (só͘-chāi)佮至少 (nn̄g)的國家 (冰島 (Peng-tó)Nô͘ (ui)) 已經 (ēng)通再生能源發電, (ah)其他濟濟 (chē-chē)國家攏設定 (siat-tēng)了未來達到 (ta̍t-kàu)100% 通再生能源目標 (bo̍k-piau).[11] 世界 (siōng)至少有47个國家已經有超過50% 个電力 (tiān-le̍k)來自通再生資源.[12][13][14]礦物 (khòng-bu̍t)顛島 (tian-tó),通再生能源佇闊闊 (khoah-khoah)代理 (tē-lí)溪域 (khe-he̍k) (lāi)存在 (chûn-chāi),礦物然熱 (jiân-lia̍t)集中 (chi̍p-tiong)少數 (chió-sò͘)幾的 (kúi-ê)國家。快速部史 (pō͘-sú)通再生能源佮能源效率 (hāu-lu̍t)技術會當帶來 (tòa-lâi)己代 (kī-tāi)的能源安全 (an-choân)減萬 (kiám-bān)氣候 (khì-hāu)變化 (piàn-hòa)經濟 (keng-chè)利益 (lī-ek).[15]國際 (kok-chè)公論 (kong-lūn)調查 (tiâu-cha)中,大力 (tōa-la̍t)支持 (chi-chhî)推廣 (thui-kóng)通再生能源,比論 (pí-lūn)太陽能佮風能.[16][17]

雖然 (Sui-jiân)濟濟通再生能源項目 (hāng-bo̍k)攏是大規模的 (kui-bô͘--ê) ()kog通再生技術嘛佇農春 (lông-chhun)編遠 (pian-oán)地區 (tē-khu)以及 (í-ki̍p)發展中 (hoat-tián-tiong)國家合用 (ha̍h-ēng); 佇遮的 (chia-ê)國家,能源通常 (thong-siông)對人類發展 (hoat-tián)至關 (chì-koan)重要.[18] 因為大多數 (to-sò͘)通再生能源技術攏提供電力,通再生能源部署 (pō͘-sú)通常和進一步 (chìn-chi̍t-pō͘)電氣化 (tiān-khì-hòa)結合 (kiat-ha̍p)使用, (che) (chin) (chē)好處 (hó-chhù): 電力會當轉化 (choán-hòa)傑能 (kia̍t-lêng) (必要 (pit-iàu) ()產生 (sán-seng) ()化石 (hòa-chio̍h)燃料 (jiân-liāu)閣較 (koân)溫度 (un-tō͘)),會使 (ē-sái)轉化做機械能 (ki-hāi-lêng)。效率權,並且 (pēng-chhiáⁿ)佇使用的時 (chiâⁿ)清氣 (chheng-khì).[19][20] 另外 (Lēng-gōa),通再生能源的電氣化效率閣較權,所以 (só͘-í)會使大大 (tōa-tōa)降低 (kàng-kē)一次 (it-chhù)能源的需求 (su-kiû).[21]

總覽 (Chóng-lám)[修改]

歷史 (Le̍k-sú)[修改]

主流 (Chú-liû)技術[修改]

芳齡 (Hong-lêng)[修改]

主力能 (Chú-le̍k-lêng)[修改]

太陽能[修改]

地熱能 (Tē-jia̍t-lêng)[修改]

生物能 (Seng-bu̍t-lêng)[修改]

融入 (Iông-ji̍p)能源系統[修改]

市場佮工業 (kang-gia̍p)趨勢 (chhu-sè)[修改]

政策 (Chèng-chhek)[修改]

新興 (Sin-heng)技術[修改]

精論 (Cheng-lūn)[修改]

通再生能源的地緣 (tē-iân)政治 (chèng-tī)[修改]

環境 (Khoân-kéng)影響 (éng-hióng)[修改]

寫真 (Siá-chin)[修改]

參閱 (Chham-oa̍t)[修改]

參考 (Chham-khó)[修改]

  1. Ellabban, Omar; Abu-Rub, Haitham; Blaabjerg, Frede (2014). "Renewable energy resources: Current status, future prospects and their enabling technology". Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 39: 748–764 [749]. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2014.07.113. 
  2. "Renewables 2010 Global Status Report" (PDF). REN21. September 2010. October 27, 2019 khòaⁿ--ê. 
  3. REN21, Global Status Report 2016. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
  4. Frankfurt School – UNEP Collaborating Centre for Climate & Sustainable Energy Finance (2018)。Global Trends in Renewable Energy Investment 2018。 Available online at: https://europa.eu/capacity4dev/unep/documents/global-trends-renewable-energy-investment-2018
  5. IRENA, Renewable energy and jobs, Annual review 2015, IRENA.
  6. "Global renewable energy trends". Deloitte Insights. 
  7. "Renewable Energy Now Accounts for a Third of Global Power Capacity". IRENA. 2 April 2019. goân-loē-iông tī 21 April 2019 hőng khó͘-pih. 21 April 2019 khòaⁿ--ê.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  8. Electric cars and cheap solar 'could halt fossil fuel growth by 2020' The Guardian
  9. "Expect the Unexpected : The Disruptive Power of Low-carbon Technology" (PDF). Carbontracker.org. pp. 3, 30. 
  10. REN21 (2017). "Renewables global futures report 2017". 
  11. Vad Mathiesen, Brian; et al. (2015). "Smart Energy Systems for coherent 100% renewable energy and transport solutions". Applied Energy. 145: 139–154. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.01.075. 
  12. "12 Countries Leading the Way in Renewable Energy". Click Energy. 
  13. "Renewable Electricity Capacity And Generation Statistics June 2018". goân-loē-iông tī 28 November 2018 hőng khó͘-pih. 27 November 2018 khòaⁿ--ê.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  14. "Renewable Electricity Capacity And Generation Statistics June 2018". 3 January 2019 khòaⁿ--ê. 
  15. International Energy Agency (2012). "Energy Technology Perspectives 2012" (PDF). 
  16. "Global Trends in Sustainable Energy Investment 2007: Analysis of Trends and Issues in the Financing of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in OECD and Developing Countries" (PDF). unep.org. United Nations Environment Programme. 2007. p. 3. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 4 March 2016 hőng khó͘-pih. 13 October 2014 khòaⁿ--ê.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  17. Sütterlin, B.; Siegrist, Michael (2017). "Public acceptance of renewable energy technologies from an abstract versus concrete perspective and the positive imagery of solar power". Energy Policy. 106. 
  18. World Energy Assessment (2001). Renewable energy technologies Archived 9 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine., p. 221.
  19. Armaroli, Nicola; Balzani, Vincenzo (2011). "Towards an electricity-powered world". Energy and Environmental Science. 4 (9): 3193–3222. doi:10.1039/c1ee01249e. 
  20. Armaroli, Nicola; Balzani, Vincenzo (2016). "Solar Electricity and Solar Fuels: Status and Perspectives in the Context of the Energy Transition". Chemistry – A European Journal. 22 (1): 32–57. doi:10.1002/chem.201503580. PMID 26584653. 
  21. Volker Quaschning, Regenerative Energiesysteme. Technologie – Berechnung – Simulation. 8th. Edition. Hanser (Munich) 2013, p. 49.