Thang-chài-seng lêng-goân

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譙筠能源
Wind turbines near Vendsyssel, Denmark (2004)
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節約能源
通再生能源
Sustainable transport
  • 腳本錯誤：沒有 "portal-inline" 這個模組。
  • 腳本錯誤：沒有 "portal-inline" 這個模組。

通再生 (Thang-chài-seng)能源 (lêng-goân) (英語: renewable energy) 是 (sī)對 (ùi)通再生資源 (chu-goân) (會當 (ē-tàng)補充 (pó͘-chhiong)，親像 (chhin-chhiūⁿ)日光 (ji̍t-kng)，方 (hong)，雨 (hō͘)，海潮 (hái-tiâu)，水湧 (chúi-éng)，佮 (kap)地熱 (tē-jia̍t)) 收集 (siu-chi̍p)來 (lâi)的 (ê)能源.[1] 通再生能源定定 (tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ)提供 (thê-kiong)能源雨世 (sì)的重要 (tiōng-iàu)領域 (léng-he̍k): 發電 (hoat-tiān)，空氣 (khong-khì)，水 (chúi)加熱 (ka-jia̍t)/際領 (chè-léng)，交通 (kau-thong)，佮獨立 (to̍k-li̍p)電原 (tiān-goân)系統 (hē-thóng)等 (téng)能源服務 (ho̍k-bū).[2]

根據 (Kin-kì)REN21 2017年 (nî)的報告 (pò-kò)，通再生能源佇 (tī)2015佮2016年的時陣 (sî-chūn)分別 (hun-pia̍t)占 (chiàm)人類 (jîn-lūi)世界 (sè-kài)能源消 (siau)hàu量 (liōng)佮生產 (seng-sán)能源的19.3% 佮24.5%。能源消孝 (siau-hàu)分 (pun)做 (chò)傳統 (thoân-thóng)生質能 (seng-chit-lêng)8.9%，熱能 (jia̍t-lêng) (現代 (hiān-tāi)生質能，地熱，佮太陽能 (thài-iông-lêng)) 占4.2%，水力電 (chúi-le̍k-tiān)占3.9%，其他 (kî-thaⁿ)來自 (lâi-chū)風能 (hong-lêng)，太陽能，地熱，佮其他形式 (hêng-sek)生質能的電能 (tiān-lêng)占2.2%。 2015年，全球 (choân-kiû)對 (tùi)通再生技術 (ki-su̍t)的投資 (tâu-chu)超過 (chhiau-kòe)2,860億 (ek)美金 (Bí-kim).[3] 2017年，全球通再生能源投資總額 (chóng-gia̍h)是2,798億美金，其中 (kî-tiong)中國 (Tiong-kok)占1,266億美金，佔 (chiàm)全球投資的45%，美國 (Bí-kok)占405億美金，歐洲 (Au-chiu)占409億美金.[4] 全球和 (hām)通再生能源產業 (sán-gia̍p)相關 (siong-koan)的工作 (kang-chok)ko͘計 (kè)有 (ū)770萬 (bān)的，其中太陽光 (thài-iông-kng)發電是上 (siāng)大 (tōa)的通再生能源頭家 (thâu-ke).[5] 通再生能源系統當咧 (tng-teh)快速 (khoài-sok)變 (piàn)做閣較 (koh-khah)高效 (ko-hāu)嘛 (mā)閣較屬 (sio̍k)，怹 (in)佇總 (chóng)能源消hàu中 (tiong)所 (só͘)占的份額 (hūn-gia̍h)嘛當咧增加 (cheng-ka).[6] 截至 (Chia̍t-chì)2019年，全球身爭 (sin-cheng)裝機 (chong-ki)容量 (iông-liōng)的3分之 (hun-chi)2以上 (í-siōng)攏 (lóng)是窗再生的 (thang-chài-seng--ê).[7] 因為 (In-ūi)增加了 (liáu)通再生能源佮天然氣 (thian-jiân-khì)的使用 (sú-iōng)，煤炭 (mûi-thòaⁿ)佮石油 (chio̍h-iû)消費 (siau-hùi)的增長 (cheng-tióng)可能 (khó-lêng)會 (ē)佇2020年結束 (kiat-sok).[8][9]

佇國家 (kok-ka)的層級 (chân-kip)，全世界 (choân-sè-kài)至少 (chì-chió)有30个 (ê)國家已經 (í-keng)有通再生能源，佔能源供應 (kiong-èng)的20% 以上.[10] 預計 (Ī-kè)國家通再生能源市場 (chhī-tiûⁿ)佇未來 (bī-lâi)十 (cha̍p)東 (tang)至 (chì)以後 (í-āu)會繼續 (kè-sio̍k)強徑 (kiông-kèng)增長。一寡 (Chi̍t-kóa)所在 (só͘-chāi)佮至少兩 (nn̄g)的國家 (冰島 (Peng-tó)佮Nô͘威 (ui)) 已經用 (ēng)通再生能源發電，猶 (ah)其他濟濟 (chē-chē)國家攏設定 (siat-tēng)了未來達到 (ta̍t-kàu)100% 通再生能源的目標 (bo̍k-piau).[11] 世界上 (siōng)至少有47个國家已經有超過50% 个電力 (tiān-le̍k)來自通再生資源.[12][13][14] 和礦物 (khòng-bu̍t)顛島 (tian-tó)，通再生能源佇闊闊 (khoah-khoah)的代理 (tē-lí)溪域 (khe-he̍k)內 (lāi)存在 (chûn-chāi)，礦物然熱 (jiân-lia̍t)集中 (chi̍p-tiong)佇少數 (chió-sò͘)幾的 (kúi-ê)國家。快速部史 (pō͘-sú)通再生能源佮能源效率 (hāu-lu̍t)技術會當帶來 (tòa-lâi)己代 (kī-tāi)的能源安全 (an-choân)，減萬 (kiám-bān)氣候 (khì-hāu)變化 (piàn-hòa)佮經濟 (keng-chè)利益 (lī-ek).[15] 佇國際 (kok-chè)公論 (kong-lūn)調查 (tiâu-cha)中，大力 (tōa-la̍t)支持 (chi-chhî)推廣 (thui-kóng)通再生能源，比論 (pí-lūn)太陽能佮風能.[16][17]

雖然 (Sui-jiân)濟濟通再生能源項目 (hāng-bo̍k)攏是大規模的 (kui-bô͘--ê)，毋 (m̄)kog通再生技術嘛佇農春 (lông-chhun)佮編遠 (pian-oán)地區 (tē-khu)以及 (í-ki̍p)發展中 (hoat-tián-tiong)國家合用 (ha̍h-ēng); 佇遮的 (chia-ê)國家，能源通常 (thong-siông)對人類發展 (hoat-tián)至關 (chì-koan)重要.[18] 因為大多數 (to-sò͘)通再生能源技術攏提供電力，通再生能源部署 (pō͘-sú)通常和進一步 (chìn-chi̍t-pō͘)的電氣化 (tiān-khì-hòa)結合 (kiat-ha̍p)使用，這 (che)有真 (chin)濟 (chē)好處 (hó-chhù): 電力會當轉化 (choán-hòa)做傑能 (kia̍t-lêng) (必要 (pit-iàu)時 (sî)產生 (sán-seng)比 (pí)化石 (hòa-chio̍h)燃料 (jiân-liāu)閣較權 (koân)的溫度 (un-tō͘))，會使 (ē-sái)轉化做機械能 (ki-hāi-lêng)。效率權，並且 (pēng-chhiáⁿ)佇使用的時成 (chiâⁿ)清氣 (chheng-khì).[19][20] 另外 (Lēng-gōa)，通再生能源的電氣化效率閣較權，所以 (só͘-í)會使大大 (tōa-tōa)降低 (kàng-kē)一次 (it-chhù)能源的需求 (su-kiû).[21]

總覽 (Chóng-lám)[修改]

歷史 (Le̍k-sú)[修改]

主流 (Chú-liû)技術[修改]

芳齡 (Hong-lêng)[修改]

主力能 (Chú-le̍k-lêng)[修改]

太陽能[修改]

地熱能 (Tē-jia̍t-lêng)[修改]

生物能 (Seng-bu̍t-lêng)[修改]

融入 (Iông-ji̍p)能源系統[修改]

市場佮工業 (kang-gia̍p)趨勢 (chhu-sè)[修改]

政策 (Chèng-chhek)[修改]

新興 (Sin-heng)技術[修改]

精論 (Cheng-lūn)[修改]

通再生能源的地緣 (tē-iân)政治 (chèng-tī)[修改]

環境 (Khoân-kéng)影響 (éng-hióng)[修改]

寫真 (Siá-chin)[修改]

參閱 (Chham-oa̍t)[修改]

參考 (Chham-khó)[修改]

  1. ↑ Ellabban, Omar; Abu-Rub, Haitham; Blaabjerg, Frede (2014). "Renewable energy resources: Current status, future prospects and their enabling technology". Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 39: 748–764 [749]. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2014.07.113. 
  2. ↑ "Renewables 2010 Global Status Report" (PDF). REN21. September 2010. October 27， 2019 khòaⁿ--ê. 
  3. ↑ REN21, Global Status Report 2016. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
  4. ↑ Frankfurt School – UNEP Collaborating Centre for Climate & Sustainable Energy Finance (2018)。Global Trends in Renewable Energy Investment 2018。 Available online at: https://europa.eu/capacity4dev/unep/documents/global-trends-renewable-energy-investment-2018
  5. ↑ IRENA, Renewable energy and jobs, Annual review 2015, IRENA.
  6. ↑ "Global renewable energy trends". Deloitte Insights. 
  7. ↑ "Renewable Energy Now Accounts for a Third of Global Power Capacity". IRENA. 2 April 2019. goân-loē-iông tī 21 April 2019 hőng khó͘-pih. 21 April 2019 khòaⁿ--ê.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  8. ↑ Electric cars and cheap solar 'could halt fossil fuel growth by 2020' The Guardian
  9. ↑ "Expect the Unexpected : The Disruptive Power of Low-carbon Technology" (PDF). Carbontracker.org. pp. 3, 30. 
  10. ↑ REN21 (2017). "Renewables global futures report 2017". 
  11. ↑ Vad Mathiesen, Brian; et al. (2015). "Smart Energy Systems for coherent 100% renewable energy and transport solutions". Applied Energy. 145: 139–154. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.01.075. 
  12. ↑ "12 Countries Leading the Way in Renewable Energy". Click Energy. 
  13. ↑ "Renewable Electricity Capacity And Generation Statistics June 2018". goân-loē-iông tī 28 November 2018 hőng khó͘-pih. 27 November 2018 khòaⁿ--ê.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  14. ↑ "Renewable Electricity Capacity And Generation Statistics June 2018". 3 January 2019 khòaⁿ--ê. 
  15. ↑ International Energy Agency (2012). "Energy Technology Perspectives 2012" (PDF). 
  16. ↑ "Global Trends in Sustainable Energy Investment 2007: Analysis of Trends and Issues in the Financing of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in OECD and Developing Countries" (PDF). unep.org. United Nations Environment Programme. 2007. p. 3. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 4 March 2016 hőng khó͘-pih. 13 October 2014 khòaⁿ--ê.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  17. ↑ Sütterlin, B.; Siegrist, Michael (2017). "Public acceptance of renewable energy technologies from an abstract versus concrete perspective and the positive imagery of solar power". Energy Policy. 106. 
  18. ↑ World Energy Assessment (2001). Renewable energy technologies Archived 9 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine., p. 221.
  19. ↑ Armaroli, Nicola; Balzani, Vincenzo (2011). "Towards an electricity-powered world". Energy and Environmental Science. 4 (9): 3193–3222. doi:10.1039/c1ee01249e. 
  20. ↑ Armaroli, Nicola; Balzani, Vincenzo (2016). "Solar Electricity and Solar Fuels: Status and Perspectives in the Context of the Energy Transition". Chemistry – A European Journal. 22 (1): 32–57. doi:10.1002/chem.201503580. PMID 26584653. 
  21. ↑ Volker Quaschning, Regenerative Energiesysteme. Technologie – Berechnung – Simulation. 8th. Edition. Hanser (Munich) 2013, p. 49.
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