Ûi-thoân-thé

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為團體 (Ûi-thoân-thé) (德語 (Tek-gí): genom; 英語 (Eng-gí): genome) ()一个 (chi̍t-ê)生物 (seng-bu̍t)個體 (kò-thé) (ê)所有 (só͘-ū)遺傳 (ûi-thôan)信息 (sìn-sit)一般 (It-poaⁿ)DNA編碼 (phian-bé) (encode), () (ū) (chi̍t) (kóa)病毒 (pēⁿ-to̍k)RNA編碼。為團體內底 (lāi-té)包含 (pau-hâm)遺傳子 (ûi-thoân-chú) (kap)非編碼 (hui-phian-bé)序列 (sū-lia̍t) (non-coding sequence)。

(Múi) (khóan)生物的uîi團體 (thoân-thé)寸尺 (chhùn-chhioh) (genome size) 佮遺傳子數量 (sò͘-liōng) (lóng) () (saⁿ)蕭共 (sio-kāng),數量上濟 (siāng-chē)大約 (tāi-iok)60,000 (ê),是一種 (chi̍t-chióng)原生動物 (gôan-seng-tōng-bu̍t) (protozoan)。 (Lâng) (Homo sapiens) 的為團體內面 (lāi-bīn)大約有20000 (kàu)25000个遺傳子[1] ()30 (ek)炎支 (iâm-ki) (tùi) (base pairbp) (lâi)組成 (chó͘-sêng)

"Genom" 質的 (chit-ê)名詞 (bêng-sû)德國 (Tek-kok)科學家 (kho-ha̍k-ka)Hans Winkler ()1920 () (só͘)創造 (chhòng-chō),是 "gen" (遺傳子) 佮 "-ome" (總體 (chóng-thé)) (nn̄g) ()合體 (ha̍p-thé)專門 (Choan-bûn)研究 (gián-kiù)為團體的學科 (ha̍k-kho)號做 (hō-chòe)遺傳體學 (ûi-thoân-thé-ha̍k) (genomics),研究內容 (lāi-iông)主要 (chú-iàu)一款 (chi̍t-khóan)生物的整體 (chéng-thé)為團體。

各種 (Kok-chióng)生物的為團體比較 (pí-kàu)[修改]

生物 寸尺
b=base pairs
Note
病毒Bacteriophage MS2 3.569×103b 上早 (Siāng-chá)測定 (chhek-tēng) (sequence) 出來 (chhut-lâi)的RNA-genom[2]
病毒SV40 5.224×103b [3]
病毒Phage Φ-X174; 5.386×103b 上早測定出來的DNA為團體[4]
病毒Phage λ 50×104b
細菌 (Sè-khún)Haemophilus influenzae 1.83×106b 上早測定出來的為團體[5]
細菌Carsonella ruddii 1.60×105b 上小 (Siāng-sió)非病毒 (hui-pēⁿ-to̍k)為團體, Feb 2007
細菌Buchnera aphidicola 6×105b
細菌Wigglesworthia glossinidia 7×105b
細菌Escherichia coli 4×106b [6]
AmoebaAmoeba dubia 6.7×1011b 目前 (Bo̍k-chêng)知影 (chai-iáⁿ)上大 (siāng-tōa)的為團體, Dec 2005
植物 (Si̍t-bu̍t)Arabidopsis thaliana 1.57×108b 上早測定出來的植物為團體[7]
植物Genlisea margaretae 6.34×107b
植物Fritillaria assyrica 1.3×1011b
植物Populus trichocarpa 4.80×108b
酵母 (kàⁿ-bó) (yeast),Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2×107b [8]
FungusAspergillus nidulans 3×107b
NematodeCaenorhabditis elegans 9.8×107b [9]
昆蟲 (Khun-thiông)Drosophila melanogaster 1.3×108b [10]
昆蟲Bombyx mori 5.3×108b
昆蟲Apis mellifera 1.77×109b
()Tetraodon nigroviridis 3.85×108b
飼奶 (Chhī-leng)動物 (tōng-bu̍t)Homo sapiens 3.2×109b
Protopterus aethiopicus 1.30×1011b

參考 (Chham-khó)資料 (chu-liāu)[修改]

  1. International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium (2004). "Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome。". Nature. 431 (7011): 931–45. PMID 15496913. 
  2. Fiers W; et al. (1976). "Complete nucleotide-sequence of bacteriophage MS2-RNA - primary and secondary structure of replicase gene". Nature. 260: 500–507. doi:10.1038/260500a0. PMID 1264203. 
  3. Fiers W, Contreras R, Haegemann G, Rogiers R, Van de Voorde A, Van Heuverswyn H, Van Herreweghe J, Volckaert G, Ysebaert M (1978). "Complete nucleotide sequence of SV40 DNA". Nature. 273 (5658): 113–120. doi:10.1038/273113a0. PMID 205802. 
  4. Sanger F, Air GM, Barrell BG, Brown NL, Coulson AR, Fiddes CA, Hutchison CA, Slocombe PM, Smith M (1977). "Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage批X174 DNA". Nature. 265 (5596): 687–695. doi:10.1038/265687a0. PMID 870828. 
  5. Fleischmann R, Adams M, White O, Clayton R, Kirkness E, Kerlavage A, Bult C, Tomb J, Dougherty B, Merrick J (1995). "Whole-genome random sequencing and assembly of Haemophilus influenzae Rd". Science. 269 (5223): 496–512. doi:10.1126/science.7542800. PMID 7542800. 
  6. Frederick R. Blattner, Guy Plunkett III; et al. "The Complete Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli K-12". science. 277: 1453-1462. doi:10.1126/science.277.5331.1453. 
  7. Greilhuber, J., Borsch, T., Müller, K., Worberg, A., Porembski, S., and Barthlott, W。 (2006). "Smallest angiosperm genomes found in Lentibulariaceae, with chromosomes of bacterial size". Plant Biology. 8: 770-777. PMID 17203433. 
  8. A. Goffeau; et al. (1996-10-25). "Life with 6000 genes". Science. 274: 546-567. doi:10.1126/science.274.5287.546. 
  9. TheC. elegans Sequencing Consortium (1998). "Genome sequence of the nematode C。 elegans: a platform for investigating biology". Science. 282 (5396): 2012–2018. doi:10.1126/science.282.5396.2012. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 9851916. 
  10. Adams MD, Celniker SE, Holt RA; et al. (2000). "The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster". Science. 287 (5461): 2185–95. doi:10.1126/science.287.5461.2185. PMID 10731132. 2007-05-25 khòaⁿ--ê. 

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