Lietuva
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Lietuva共和國 | |||||
Lietuvos Respublika | |||||
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國歌: Tautiška giesmė National Hymn | |||||
自然地理 (實際控制地區) | |||||
![]() Lietuva 的所在。 | |||||
首都 | Vilnius | ||||
上大城市 | capital | ||||
面積
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時區 | UTC+2 | ||||
人民生活 | |||||
官方語言 | Lietuva語 | ||||
人口
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族群 |
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人民號名 | Lietuva人 | ||||
政治文化 | |||||
政治制度 | Unitary semi-presidential republic[2][3][4][5] | ||||
領導人 | |||||
經濟實力 | |||||
貨幣單位 | Euro (€) (EUR) | ||||
Gini係數 | 37.9(2015 年) | ||||
GDP (PPP) | $86 billion[6] (2016 年) | ||||
GDP (名義上的) | $43 billion (2016 年) | ||||
平均GDP (PPP) | $29,900[6] (2016 年) | ||||
平均GDP (名義上的) | $14,900[7] (2016 年) | ||||
HDI | 0.839 (2014 年) | ||||
國家資料 | |||||
網域名稱縮寫 | .lta | ||||
國際電話區號 | +370 |
Lietuva (Lietuva語呼音: [liɛtuvɑ] "li-é-tu-bah"),
基本 資料 [edit]
官方 語言 : Lietuva語 首都 : Vilnius上大 的城市 : Vilnius總統 : Dalia Grybauskaitė𤆬頭 的部長 : Saulius Skvernelis面積 : 65,300 km²人口 :
參照 [edit]
- ↑ "Pradžia – OSP". stat.gov.lt.
- ↑ Lina Kulikauskienė (2002). Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija [The Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania] (ēng Lietuva-gí). Native History, CD。. ISBN 9986-9216-7-8.
- ↑ Ernst Veser (23 September 1997). "Semi-Presidentialism-Duverger's Concept — A New Political System Model" (PDF) (ēng Eng-gí and Hôa-gí). Department of Education, School of Education, University of Cologne: 39–60. 20 August 2016 khòaⁿ--ê.
Duhamel has developed the approach further: 彼stresses that the French construction does not correspond to either parliamentary or the presidential form of government, and then develops the distinction of 'système politique' and 'régime constitutionnel'. While the former comprises the exercise of power that results from the dominant institutional practice, the latter is the totality of the rules for the dominant institutional practice of the power. 怹this way, France appears as 'presidentialist system' endowed with a 'semi-presidential regime' (1983: 587). By this standard彼recognizes Duverger's pléiade as semi-presidential regimes, as well as Poland, Romania, Bulgaria and Lithuania (1993: 87).
- ↑ Matthew Shugart Søberg (September 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive and Mixed Authority Patterns" (PDF). Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies. United States: University of California, 山Diego. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 19 August 2008 hőng khó͘-pih. 20 August 2016 khòaⁿ--ê.
- ↑ Matthew Søberg Shugart (December 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive And Mixed Authority Patterns". French Politics. 3 (3): 323–351. doi:10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200087.
A pattern similar都the French case of compatible majorities alternating with periods of cohabitation emerged in Lithuania, where Talat-Kelpsa (2001) notes that the ability of the Lithuanian president to influence government formation and policy declined abruptly when彼lost the sympathetic majority in parliament.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Lithuania". International Monetary Fund. 2015. 6 October 2016 khòaⁿ--ê.
- ↑ Lithuania. Imf.org.
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