Phêng-sò͘

**硼素, ₅B**
	; boron (β-rhombohedral)
基本性質
名，符號	硼素，B
英文	boron
偏名	房數
糖素體	α-， β-rhombohedral， β-tetragonal (and more)
外型	black-brown
硼素佇週期表內的位置
	beryllium ← 硼素 → 碳素
原子番	5
原子量	10.81 (10.806–10.821)
元素類別	類金屬
族，分區	13 族, p 區
週期	地 2 週期
電子排列	[彼] 2s2 2p1
per shell	2， 3
物理性質
相	固體
熔點	2349 K (2076 °C, 3769 °F)
沸點	4200 K (3927 °C, 7101 °F)
熔點的液體密度	2.08 g͘cm−3
熔化熱	50.2 kJ͘mol−1
精發熱	508 kJ͘mol−1
熱容量	11.087 J͘mol−1͘K−1
原子性質
孫華素	3， 2， 1， −1， −5 (a mildly acidic oxide)
電父度	Pauling scale: 2.04
電離能	1st: 800.6 kJ͘mol−1 ; 2nd: 2427.1 kJ͘mol−1 ; 3rd: 3659.7 kJ͘mol−1 ; (more)
原子半徑	empirical: 90 pm
共價半徑	84±3 pm
Van der Waals半徑	192 pm
十六
晶thé構造	rhombohedral
聲速 (稅棍仔)	16,200 m͘s−1 (at 20 °C)
熱膨脹	β form: 5–7 µm͘m−1͘K−1 (at 25 °C)
熱傳導率	27.4 W͘m−1͘K−1
電阻率	~106 Ω͘m (at 20 °C)
磁性	diamagnetic
Mohs硬度	~9.5
CAS登記編號	7440-42-8
歷史
發現	Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Louis Jacques Thénard (30 June 1808)
上早夫尼	Humphry Davy (9 July 1808)
最穩定的同位素
	主文章: 硼素的同位素
	10B content may be as low as 19.1% and as high as 20.3% 怹natural samples。11B is the remainder in such cases.

硼素 (Phêng-sò͘) (Pâng-，硼素) 是 (sī)記號 (kì-hō)B (英語 (Eng-gí): boron) 的 (ê)元素 (goân-sò͘)，原子歡 (goân-chú-hoan)5，原子量 (goân-chú-liōng)10.81。伊 (I)有 (ū)金屬 (kim-sio̍k)佮 (kap)非金屬 (hui-kim-sio̍k)之 (chi)間 (kan)的性質 (sèng-chit)。

參考 (Chham-khó)[修改]

↑ Van Settenet al. 2007, pp. 2460–1
↑ Conventional Atomic Weights 2013。Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights
↑ Standard Atomic Weights 2013。Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights
↑ Zhang， K.Q.; Guo， B.; Braun， V.; Dulick， M.; Bernath， P.F。 (1995). "Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF" (PDF). J。 Molecular Spectroscopy. 170: 82. Bibcode:1995JMoSp.170...82Z. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058.
↑ Pang-bô͘:Cite article
↑ Holcombe Jr., C. E.; Smith, D. D.; Lorc, J. D.; Duerlesen, W. K.; Carpenter; D. A. (October 1973). "Physical-Chemical Properties of beta-Rhombohedral Boron". High Temp. Sci. 5 (5): 349–57.
↑ Lide， David R。 (ed.) (2000). Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds，怹Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF). CRC press. ISBN 0849304814.
↑ Gay Lussac， J.L。 and Thenard， L.J。 (1808). "Sur拉décomposition et拉recomposition de l'acide boracique". Annales de chimie. 68: 169–174.
↑ Davy H (1809). "An account of some new analytical researches on the nature of certain bodies， particularly the alkalies， phosphorus， sulphur， carbonaceous matter， and the acids hitherto undecomposed: with some general observations on chemical theory". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 99: 39–104. doi:10.1098/rstl.1809.0005.
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 "Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions for All Elements". National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2008-09-21 khòaⁿ--ê.
↑ Szegedi, S.; Váradi, M.; Buczkó, Cs. M.; Várnagy, M.; Sztaricskai, T. (1990). "Determination of boron in glass by neutron transmission method". Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 146 (3): 177. doi:10.1007/BF02165219.

Pún 文章 sī chi̍t phiⁿ phí-á-kiáⁿ. Lí thang tàu khok-chhiong lâi pang-chō͘ Wikipedia.

[1] Van Settenet al. 2007, pp. 2460–1

[CIAAW-2] Conventional Atomic Weights 2013。Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights

[IUPAC-3] Standard Atomic Weights 2013。Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights

[v1-4] Zhang， K.Q.; Guo， B.; Braun， V.; Dulick， M.; Bernath， P.F。 (1995). "Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF" (PDF). J。 Molecular Spectroscopy. 170: 82. Bibcode:1995JMoSp.170...82Z. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058.

[5] Pang-bô͘:Cite article

[6] Holcombe Jr., C. E.; Smith, D. D.; Lorc, J. D.; Duerlesen, W. K.; Carpenter; D. A. (October 1973). "Physical-Chemical Properties of beta-Rhombohedral Boron". High Temp. Sci. 5 (5): 349–57.

[magnet-7] Lide， David R。 (ed.) (2000). Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds，怹Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF). CRC press. ISBN 0849304814.

[Lussac-8] Gay Lussac， J.L。 and Thenard， L.J。 (1808). "Sur拉décomposition et拉recomposition de l'acide boracique". Annales de chimie. 68: 169–174.

[Davy-9] Davy H (1809). "An account of some new analytical researches on the nature of certain bodies， particularly the alkalies， phosphorus， sulphur， carbonaceous matter， and the acids hitherto undecomposed: with some general observations on chemical theory". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 99: 39–104. doi:10.1098/rstl.1809.0005.

[NISTic-10] 10.0 ^10.1 "Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions for All Elements". National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2008-09-21 khòaⁿ--ê.

[11] Szegedi, S.; Váradi, M.; Buczkó, Cs. M.; Várnagy, M.; Sztaricskai, T. (1990). "Determination of boron in glass by neutron transmission method". Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 146 (3): 177. doi:10.1007/BF02165219.

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參考 (Chham-khó)[修改]

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